A Novel Perspective into the Neuronal Encoding along the Retinal Pathway Employing Time- Frequency Transformation: Part I — for Object
نویسنده
چکیده
This paper presents an innovative approach to investigate the information encoding taking place in the visual pathway, particularly the retinal pathway. Gabor time-frequency (TF) transformation is applied to the spatio-temporal spike trains from the layers of the retinal pathway, corresponding to input object stimuli varying in shape, orientation & distance. These spike trains are generated by employing simulation tools. Using the TF transformation, a methodology is evolved to analyze information encoding in terms of dominant harmonic variations. Statistical analysis of these variations and extrapolation reveal that the dominant harmonic variations can be encoded as multinomial (multivariate polynomial) functions. For the set of input stimuli considered, a bivariate polynomial encoding is observed with the order of the polynomial and its coefficients encoding the variations in amplitude of dominant harmonics. Analysis of encoding is carried out for both ‘within the layers’, like horizontal only and ‘across the layers’, the entire retinal pathway. The simulation results presented enunciate the findings. In the companion paper part II, neuronal encoding for chromatic information is analyzed on similar lines. After analyzing the neuronal color encoding process in part II, a generalized encoding scheme applicable to object shapes as well as color is proposed.
منابع مشابه
A Novel Perspective into the Neuronal Encoding along the Retinal Pathway Employing Time- Frequency Transformation: Part Ii — for Color
This paper analyses how color information gets encoded along the retinal pathway in the time-frequency domain (TFD). A multinomial (multivariate polynomial) encoding for chromatic information is established based on the spatiotemporal spike trains corresponding to input stimuli varying in hue & saturation. Simulation tools are used to generate the spike trains from the retinal layers. The Gabor...
متن کاملThe Journey into Adulthood: Study of Military Service as a Rite of Passage in Ahmad Mahmoud’s The Neighbors
This paper attempts to investigate the adolescent narrator’s journey into adulthood in Ahmad Mahmoud’s The Neighbor. Considering the central character’s growth into adulthood, the paper argues that the compulsory military service can be fulfilled as a certain ‘rite of passage’ conventionalized within the society, as represented in the narrative. That is because, through this convention, Khaled ...
متن کاملInvestigating the frequency characteristics of the electroretinogram signal in patients with central retinal vein occlusion
Background: Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is the second most common retinal vascular disorder after diabetic retinopathy. In this study, we tried to examine the potentials of time-frequency methods for differentiating the eyes with CRVO. Materials and methods: Twenty patients with unilateral CRVO were included in this study. Their contralateral normal eyes were considered as the control...
متن کاملUsing a Novel Concept of Potential Pixel Energy for Object Tracking
Abstract In this paper, we propose a new method for kernel based object tracking which tracks the complete non rigid object. Definition the union image blob and mapping it to a new representation which we named as potential pixels matrix are the main part of tracking algorithm. The union image blob is constructed by expanding the previous object region based on the histogram feature. The pote...
متن کاملA Novel Frequency Domain Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance Filter for Speech Enhancement
A reliable speech enhancement method is important for speech applications as a pre-processing step to improve their overall performance. In this paper, we propose a novel frequency domain method for single channel speech enhancement. Conventional frequency domain methods usually neglect the correlation between neighboring time-frequency components of the signals. In the proposed method, we take...
متن کامل